101 Innovations in Scholarly Communication - the Changing Research Workflow

In the fast developing world of scholarly communication it is good to take a step back and look at the patterns and processes of innovation in this field. To this end, we have selected 101 innovations (in the form of tools & sites) and graphically displayed them by year and also according to 6 phases of the research workflow: collection of data & literature, analysis, writing, publishing & archiving, outreach and assessment. This overview facilitates discussion on processes of innovation, disruption, diffusion, consolidation, competition and success, but also of failure and stagnation, over the last 3 decades. We describe some of the trends, expectations, uncertainties, opportunities and challenges within each of the workflow phases. Also, based on the graphical overview we present a juxtaposition of typical traditional, innovative and experimental workflows.
Authors: Kramer, Bianca; Bosman, Jeroen
Source:  Figshare
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1286826

The Diversity of UK Research and Knowledge - Analyses from the REF impact case studies

The UK’s most recent Research Excellence Framework (REF2014), for the first time evidenced the economic and societal impact of university research through a total of 6,975 case studies. This Digital Research Report on ‘The Diversity of UK Research and Knowledge’ introduces this dataset and contains visualisations of the knowledge networks underpinning the impact of UK university research. Alongside it lies an interactive visualisation, see www.digital-science.com/visualizations/ref-case-study-similarity-network.
Authors: Loach, Tamar; Adams, Jonathan; Szomszor, Martin
Source: Figshare
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1476881

Difference between a systematic review and a literature review

The UK’s most recent Research Excellence Framework (REF2014), for the first time evidenced the economic and societal impact of university research through a total of 6,975 case studies. This Digital Research Report on ‘The Diversity of UK Research and Knowledge’ introduces this dataset and contains visualisations of the knowledge networks underpinning the impact of UK university research. Alongside it lies an interactive visualisation, see www.digital-science.com/visualizations/ref-case-study-similarity-network.
Authors: Kysh, Lynn
Sourcer: Figshare
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.766364

Alternative approaches to assessing scientific results

Alternative metrics (altmetrics) as a possible substitute for or addition to the traditional methods of assessing scientific results based on opinions and bibliometric indicators were first proposed in 2010. Since then, metric indicators, primarily those based on accounting for the use and discussion of scientific publications on the Internet, have, on the one hand, found influential advocates among scientists and publishers and, on the other, been met with resistance on the part of equally authoritative participants in the market of scientific publications. Altmetrics are already used actively by the largest publishers; in June 2014, the American National Information Standards Organization developed a draft altmetrics standard. This article presents a review of the existing indicators, describes their target audience, and considers leading companies that develop software products on altmetrics calculation for users of different categories. Altmetrics and citation-based indicators are compared.
Authors: N.A. Mazov; V.N. Gureev
Source: Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences
URL:  Full text

A Review of Theory and Practice in Scientometrics1

Scientometrics is the study of the quantitative aspects of the process of science as a communication system. It is centrally, but not only, concerned with the analysis of citations in the academic literature. In recent years it has come to play a major role in the measurement and evaluation of research performance. In this review we consider: the historical development of scientometrics, sources of citation data, citation metrics and the “laws" of scientometrics, normalisation, journal impact factors and other journal metrics, visualising and mapping science, evaluation and policy, and future developments
Authors: John Mingers; Loet Leydesdorff
Source: European Journal of Operational Research (in press)
URL:  Full text