REPOSITORIO ACADÉMICO UPC

lunes, 5 de febrero de 2018

Problems perceived and experienced by health professionals rendering social service in Ancash, Peru. 2015

Problemas percibidos y experimentados por profesionales de salud durante el servicio social en Ancash, Perú. 2015

RESUMEN :

Introducción. En Perú, durante el servicio social en salud se han reportado problemas como condiciones laborales riesgosas, mortalidad asociada a accidentes de tránsito y déficit de cobertura de aseguramiento.Objetivo. Describir los problemas percibidos y experimentados por los profesionales de salud que realizan el Servicio Rural y Urbano Marginal de Salud (SERUMS) en Ancash, Perú, y evaluar su asociación con la práctica de los profesionales y la categoría del establecimiento donde se realiza el SERUMS.Materiales y métodos. Durante abril del 2015, se realizó un estudio transversal analítico con profesionales de salud que realizaban el SERUMS en establecimientos del Ministerio de Salud de Ancash. Se aplicaron encuestas para recolectar datos generales, características y problemas del SERUMS.Resultados. Se analizaron 364 encuestas. El 79.3% de los participantes fue de sexo femenino, la edad promedio fue de 27.4±5.0 años, 80.0% percibió carencia de insumos, 54.4% percibió carga laboral excesiva, y 14.7% sufrió algún accidente de tránsito durante el SERUMS. Ser médico y laborar en establecimientos I-1 fueron factores asociados a haber sufrido accidentes de tránsito y otros imprevistos.Conclusiones. Los encuestados reportan carga laboral excesiva, carencia de insumos y accidentes. Los accidentes son más frecuentes en médicos y en establecimientos de categoría I-1.

AUTOR :

Taype-Rondán, Álvaro; Vidal-Torres, María Isabel; Chung-Delgado, Kocfa; Maticorena-Quevedo, Jesús; Mayta-Tristan, Percy ( 0000-0002-0861-6606 )

65 (3):441 Revista de la Facultad de Medicina

EDITORIAL :

Universidad Nacional de Colombia

REVISTA:

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina

URL :

http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622486

FULL TEXT:

http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622486

Factores asociados a la no utilización de los servicios formales de prestación en salud en la población peruana: análisis de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares (ENAHO) 2015

Associated factors to non-use of formal health services in the Peruvian population: Analysis of the national household survey (Enaho) 2015

RESUMEN :

El objetivo del estudio fue estimar la prevalencia de la no utilización de los servicios formales de prestación de salud (NUSFPS) y sus factores asociados en Perú. Se realizó un análisis secundario de datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares (ENAHO) del año 2015. Se definió como NUSFPS a aquellos participantes que, pese a haber presentado algún síntoma, malestar, enfermedad, recaída de enfermedad crónica o accidente durante el último mes, no acudieron a los servicios de salud. Se analizaron 35 036 participantes; la prevalencia de NUSFPS fue de 53,9% (IC95%:52,9-54,8). La NUSFPS fue superior en la costa (razón de prevalencia ajustada [RPa] = 1,24;IC95%:1,17-1,31), sierra (RPa = 1,38;IC95%:1,31-1,46) y selva (RP = 1,25;IC95%:1,18-1,33) en comparación a Lima Metropolitana. Hubo mayor prevalencia de NUSFPS en los participantes sin seguro (RPa = 1,59;IC95%:1,52-1,66) y afiliados al seguro integral de salud (RPa = 1,16;IC95%:1,11-1,22) comparados con los afiliados a la Seguridad Social. En conclusión, más de la mitad de los participantes padecieron NUSFPS, lo cual se asoció con condiciones geográficas y de aseguramiento. Se sugieren políticas públicas informadas en la evidencia para mejorar esta situación.

SUMMARY:

The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of non-use of health services (NUHS) and its associated factors using the National Household Survey (ENAHO 2015). The participants were defined as NUHS if they have presented any symptoms, discomfort, illness, relapse of chronic illness or accident during the last month and did not go to the health services. 35036 participants were analyzed; the prevalence of NUHS was 53,9%. NUHS was higher in the coastal region (adjusted Prevalence Ratio [aPR]=1.24;95%CI:1.17-1.31), highlands (aPR=1.38;95%CI:1.31-1.46) and jungle (aPR=1.25,95%CI:1.18-1.33) compared to Lima. Likewise, there were a higher prevalence of NUHS in participants without health insurance (aPR=1.59;95%CI:1.52-1.66) and those affiliated to Ministry of Health insurance (aPR=1.16;95%CI:1.11-1.22) compared to those affiliated to Social Security. More than half of the participants suffered from NUHS, which was associated with geographical and health system conditions. It is required evidenced-informed public policies to improve this situation.

AUTOR :

Benites Zapata, Vicente A. ( 0000-0002-9158-1108 )

; Lozada-Urbano, Michelle; Diego Urrunaga-Pastor; Márquez-Bobadilla, Edith; Moncada-Mapelli, Enrique; Mezones Holguín, Edward ( 0000-0001-7168-8613 )

EDITORIAL :

Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS)

REVISTA:

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública

URL :

http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622485

full text:

http://repositorioacademico.upc.edu.pe/upc/bitstream/10757/622485/2/2864-12496-2-PB.pdf

PALABRAS CLAVE :

Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud; Sistemas de salud; Servicio Ambulatorio en Hospital; Administración de los Servicios de Salud; Seguro; Perú

Etiology, epidemiology and clinical characteristics of acute diarrhea in hospitalized children in rural Peru

RESUMEN :

Introduction: Diarrhea remains one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age especially in low-income countries. In Peru, epidemiological reports about enteropathogens related to acute diarrhea are scarce in rural areas. The aim of this study was to describe the etiology, epidemiology, and clinical characteristics of the principal causes of acute infectious diarrhea in in a northern rural region of Peru. Methodology: A prospective study was conducted from January 2011 to December 2012 to describe the main pathogens causing acute diarrhea using PCR assay. Results: A total of 117 children diagnosed with acute diarrhea were included in the study. A single etiological agent was identified in 41.03% of samples, being rotavirus followed by norovirus and Shigella. Co-infections containing virus and bacteria were found in 22.22% of samples. Vomiting was most commonly found symptoms in 58.97% cases followed by fever (54.70%). Malnutrition was detected in 14.53% of the children. Conclusions: High prevalence of rotavirus, as well as adenovirus and norovirus, was observed in the present study. Shigella was the most common bacteria found in acute diarrhea in the area. The implementation of a better surveillance system is mandatory in order to identify the principal etiologies of gastroenteritis in the rural areas of Peru and to develop of better prevention strategies and reduce diarrhea-associated mortalities.

AUTOR :Cornejo-Tapia, Angela; Orellana- Peralta, Fiorella; Weilg, Pablo; Bazan-Mayra, Jorge; Cornejo-Pacherres, Hernán; Ulloa-Urizar, Gabriela; Aguilar-Luis, Miguel Angel; Pons, Maria Jesus; del Valle-Mendoza, Juana ( 0000-0002-6011-5040 )

REVISTA:The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
URL :http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622483: Bacteria; Children; Diarrhea; Low-income countries; Rural area; Virus

jueves, 18 de enero de 2018

Systematic review and meta-analysis of secondary prophylaxis for prevention of HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis relapse using trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

A recent systematic literature and meta-analysis reported relative efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) for the treatment of toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) in HIV-infected adults. Here, we estimated relapse rates during secondary prophylaxis with TMP-SMX, and further explored differences in relapse rates prior to introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and the widespread adoption of HAART... read more

AUTOR :

Connolly, Mark P.; Haitsma, Gertruud; Hernández, Adrián V. ( 0000-0002-9999-4003 )

; Vidal, José E.

EDITORIAL :

Taylor and Francis Ltd.

REVISTA:

Pathogens and Global Health

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622484
FULL TEXT: https://goo.gl/9v8KuR

Molecular etiological profile of atypical bacterial pathogens, viruses and coinfections among infants and children with community acquired pneumonia admitted to a national hospital in Lima, Peru

Objective: The main objective of this study was to detect the presence of 14 respiratory viruses and atypical bacteria (Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae), via polymerase chain reaction in patients under 18 years old hospitalized due to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) from Lima, Peru. Results: Atypical pathogens were detected in 40% (58/146); viral etiologies in 36% (52/146) and coinfections in 19% (27/146). The most common etiological agent was M. pneumoniae (n = 47), followed by C. pneumoniae (n = 11). The most frequent respiratory viruses detected were: respiratory syncytial virus A (n = 35), influenza virus C (n = 21) and parainfluenza virus (n = 10). Viral-bacterial and bacterium-bacterium coinfections were found in 27 cases. In our study population, atypical bacteria (40%) were detected as frequently as respiratory viruses (36%). The presence of M. pneumoniae and C. pneumoniae should not be underestimated as they can be commonly isolated in Peruvian children with CAP.

AUTOR : del Valle-Mendoza, Juana ( 0000-0002-6011-5040 )