Asociación entre la adquisición de síndrome gripal y el uso frecuente del transporte público

Introducción: El transporte público en ciudades grandes como Lima puede favorecer el contagio de enfermedades transmitidas por aire, debido al hacinamiento, falta de ventilación y una permanencia prolongada en espacios reducidos. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal en 592 universitarios de Lima para evaluar la relación entre el uso frecuente de transporte público y la presencia de síndrome gripal. Se definió síndrome gripal como el autorreporte de fiebre más dolor de garganta o tos en las últimas dos semanas, se evaluó el tipo de transporte más usado para acudir a la universidad. Se calculó los OR crudos y ajustados usando regresión logística simple y múltiple. Resultados: El 12,0% (71/592) presentó síndrome gripal en las últimas dos semanas. Se encontró asociación con el uso de transporte público (OR=3,6; IC95% 1,2- 10,2) y con tener contacto en la casa con alguien con síndrome gripal (OR=1,8; IC95% 1,1- 3,1) en el modelo de regresión logística múltiple. No se encontró asociación con la edad, vacunación frente a la influenza, vivir con niños, fumar cigarrillo y antecedentes patológicos. Conclusión: El uso de transporte público está asociado con la presencia de síndrome gripal en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios de Lima.; Background: Public transport in big cities like Lima may favor the spread of air-borne diseases due to overcrowding, poor ventilation and a prolonged stay in confined spaces. Material and methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in 592 students from a private university in Lima to evaluate the relationship between the frequent use of public transport and the presence of influenza-like illness (ILI). Self-report of ILI was defined as fever plus cough or sore throat in last two weeks, most used type of transport to go to university. OR crude and adjusted were calculated used simple and multiple logistic regression. Results: 12.0% (71/592) had ILI in the past two weeks. Use of public transport (OR = 3.6; 95% CI 1.2 to 10.2) and have contact with someone with ILI at home (OR = 1.8; 95% CI 1.1 to 3.1) were found associated in multiple logistic regression model. No association with age, vaccination against influenza, living with children, smoke and pathological history. In conclusion, the use of public transport is associated with the presence of ILI in a group of university students from Lima.
Authors: Yumpo Cárdenas, Daniel; López Otárola, Rosalie; Rodríguez Abt, José Carlos; Ávila Espinoza, Pamela; Lizzetti Mendoza, Grecia; Natividad Núñez, Alonso; Mayta Tristán, Percy
Source: Revista Médica de Risaralda
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10757/335736

Sleep duration, vital exhaustion, and odds of spontaneous preterm birth: a case–control study

Background Preterm birth is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, resulting in a pressing need to identify risk factors leading to effective interventions. Limited evidence suggests potential relationships between maternal sleep or vital exhaustion and preterm birth, yet the literature is generally inconclusive. Methods We examined the relationship between maternal sleep duration and vital exhaustion in the first six months of pregnancy and spontaneous (non-medically indicated) preterm birth among 479 Peruvian women who delivered a preterm singleton infant (<37 weeks gestation) and 480 term controls who delivered a singleton infant at term (≥37 weeks gestation). Maternal nightly sleep and reports of vital exhaustion were ascertained through in-person interviews. Spontaneous preterm birth cases were further categorized as those following either spontaneous preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of membranes. In addition, cases were categorized as very (<32 weeks), moderate (32–33 weeks), and late (34- <37 weeks) preterm birth for additional analyses. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results After adjusting for confounders, we found that short sleep duration (≤6 hours) was significantly associated with preterm birth (aOR = 1.56; 95% CI 1.11-2.19) compared to 7–8 hours of sleep. Vital exhaustion was also associated with increased odds of preterm birth (aOR = 2.41; 95% CI 1.79-3.23) compared to no exhaustion (Ptrend <0.001). These associations remained significant for spontaneous preterm labor and preterm premature rupture of membranes. We also found evidence of joint effects of sleep duration and vital exhaustion on the odds of spontaneous preterm birth. Conclusions The results of this case–control study suggest maternal sleep duration, particularly short sleep duration, and vital exhaustion may be risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth. These findings call for increased clinical attention to maternal sleep and the study of potential intervention strategies to improve sleep in early pregnancy with the aim of decreasing risk of preterm birth.
Authors: Sánchez, Sixto E.; Gelaye, Bizu; Qiu, Chunfang; Barrios, Yasmin V.; Enquobahrie, Daniel A; Williams, Michelle A
Source: Biomed Central Ltd
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10757/335735

Penile epidermoid carcinoma in a old man

The penile carcinoma is rare neoplasia representing 1.3% of all malignancies in men. We report a 52 years old man with epidermoid cancinoma of penis that start with a local ulceration. The tumor presented a fast progression involving the entire penis shaft in 6 months. Radical surgical procedure was performed. The diagnosis was confirmed by the histopathological study. We emphasize the short period of the evolution of the tumor, its histopathological characteristics and the treatment
Authors: Morales Luna, D.; Manrique Chávez, Manuel; Weilg, P.
Source: Med Cutan Iber Lat Am
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10757/333631

Quiste de colédoco en una lactante de tres meses de edad: diagnóstico prenatal y manejo quirúrgico

El quiste de colédoco es una patología poco común, diagnosticada generalmente después del nacimiento; pero en los últimos tiempos el diagnóstico prenatal ha tomado mayor importancia, pues permite una intervención precoz y brinda un mejor pronóstico a los pacientes. Se presenta el caso de una lactante que fue diagnosticada mediante ecografía obstétrica, a las 21 semanas de vida intrauterina; confirmándose luego el diagnóstico por medio de resonancia magnética. La paciente fue operada a los tres meses de vida, realizándosele una quistectomía, colecistectomía y derivación biliodigestiva en Y de Roux, con evolución posoperatoria favorable.
Autores: Corrochano Fatule, Mariana; Llanos Rodriguez, Rodolfo; Garcia, Alcides
Fuentes: Asociación Interciencia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10757/333630

Analyzing the Development of Vaccines for Flavivirus-Endemic Scenarios: The Case of Dengue and Dengue Vaccine in Peru

TO THE EDITOR—

We read with great interest the phase 1 clinical trial published by Durbin and colleagues in the Journal of Infectious Diseases [1] in which a new tetravalent vaccine (TV003) proved to be safe with a balanced immunogenic response for the 4 serotypes of Dengue virus (DENV) in a North American adult population seronegative for DENV, yellow fever (YF), and other flaviviruses, including West Nile virus. These positive results and the promising single-dose regimen are exciting. We look forward to seeing the results of future studies with this candidate vaccine and its potential benefits to endemic areas like Peru [2, 3]

Authors: Ruiz-Alejos, Andrea; Navarro Huaman, Laura; Segura, Eddy R.
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases (JID)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10757/333606