Publishing and its associated factors in teachers of scientific research in schools of medicine in Peru

Objectives. To evaluate the frequency of publication and its associated factors by professors of scientific research in medical schools in Peru. Materials and methods. This was a cross-sectional study. We included all teachers of research courses from the 32 medical schools in Peru in 2011. The publication search was conducted using Google Scholar, Scopus and Medline. Both the crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) were calculated with confidence intervals at 95% using simple and multiple Poisson regression with robust variance. Results. Of the 201 university teachers, 43.8% had never published an article in a journal, 26.9% had an original article published in a journal indexed in Medline and 16.4% did so in the past two years. Only 3% had been corresponding authors in non-Peruvian, indexed journals Factors associated with having an original article published in Medline in the past two years were: being under 40 years of age (aPR 2.97, 95% CI: 1.21-7.32), being a professor at a university where a final thesis is required for graduation (aPR 8.84, 95% CI: 2.60-30.12) and working for a highly productive university (aPR 3.24, 95% CI: 1.03-10.20). Conclusions. The frequency of publication of research faculty in medical schools in Peru is low. Young university teachers and those working at scientifically productive universities were more likely to publish in an indexed journal.
Authors: Pereyra Elías, Reneé; Huaccho Rojas, Juan Jesús; Taype Rondan, Álvaro; Mejia, Christian R.; Mayta Tristán, Percy
Source: Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10757/331888

Efects of Probiotics in decreasing the adverse effects of the eradication treatment for Helicobacter Pylori

Sr. Editor: Recientemente leímos con interés el artículo sobre “Suplementación con Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG en la disminución de los efectos adversos durante la terapia erradicadora del Helicobacter pylori (Hp)”, publicado en el año 2013. En su artículo presenta un estudio a una población determinada a la que se le adiciona el probiótico mencionado por un determinado tiempo con la finalidad de establecer si existe correlación con la disminución de las consecuencias adversas del tratamiento para Hp. A pesar de que lo síntomas referidos fueron menores en el grupo control (terapia triple + probiótico), el resultado indicó que no hubo diferencias significativas entre el grupo casos y el de control, y concluyen que no es recomendable añadir Lactobacillus GG a la terapia erradicadora de primera línea del Hp
Authors: Lo, Jessica; Ramos, Juselly
Source: Sociedad de Gastroenterología del Perú
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10757/331838

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome as prognostic indicator in hospitalized cirrhotic patients

Objective: The systemic inflammation worsens circulatory disorders in cirrhotic patients and recently the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) may be a prognostic indicator therein. The aim of the study was to determine whether the presence of SIRS at admission in hospitalized cirrhotic patients is associated with complications or mortality. Materials and methods: A retrospective cohorts study was conducted at the Daniel Alcides Carrion National Hospital. Hospitalized cirrhotic patients admitted from July 2008 to December 2010 without significant comorbidities, malignancy, HIV infection, or stay less than 72 hours were included. Presence of SIRS at admission and the occurrence of complications or death after 72 hours of admission were evaluated. Results: 150 cirrhotic patients were admitted, six were excluded; three for lower survival at 72 hours, one for neoplasia, one for severe heart failure and two for chronic renal failure. One hundred forty four patients were included, 95 (66%) patients had SIRS at admission. There was no significant difference in age, sex, etiology, in both groups. SIRS was associated with higher scores of MELD and Child-Turcotte Pugh. Of the group of patients with SIRS, 41 (43%) had complications and 16 (16.8%) died, while the group without SIRS 5 (10.2%) had complications and two (4%) died (p<0.0001 and p=0.028 respectively). The most common complications were infections and hepatic encephalopathy. In multivariate analysis SIRS was associated with complications (p<0.006) but not with mortality (p<0.276). Conclusions: SIRS is common in hospitalized cirrhotic patients and is associated with in-hospital complications.
Authors: Machaca Quea, Nancy Roxana; Salazar Ventura, Sonia; Montes Teves, Pedro
Source: Rev Gastroenterol Peru
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10757/331818

Factor analysis of the «Questionnaire for the evaluation of occupational burnout syndrome» in peruvian medical students

 Background: The «Questionnaire for the evaluation of occupational burnout syndrome » («Cuestionario para la evaluación del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (CESQT»)» has been proposed to evaluate this syndrome in different populations. However, it has not been used in Latin-American university students. Aim: To evaluate the dimensional structure of CESQT in medical students from Peru. Material and methods: This was an observational, analytical and cross-sectional study, that was performed in a sample of 71 medical students in the last year of their degree (also known as «Medical Internship») in a Public Hospital in Lima, Peru. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to identify the dimension structure with best fit to the data. A multivariate linear regression analysis was also performed to determine the relationship between the occupational burnout syndrome, gender, and their current clinical rotation (obstetrics and gynecology, surgery, pediatrics, and internal medicine). Results: The EFA found that the two dimensions model best explained the data variability (61.8% of the variance). These two factors were called illusion and exhaustion. The linear regression showed that gender and the current clinical rotation were not associated to any of the two factors (P > .05). Illusion was inversely associated with exhaustion, even after fitting it with gender and current clinical rotation (P = .007and = -.33, respectively). Conclusion: The information included in the CESQT is summed up in two highly correlated dimensions: illusion and exhaustion that are independent gender and the current clinical rotation in which the students were involved.
Authors: Cáceres Mejía, Brenda; Roca Quicaño, Ricardo; Torres M, F.; Pavic Espinoza, I.; Mezones Holguin, Edward; Fiestas, F.
Source:  Revista de Psiquiatria y Salud Mental

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10757/326182

Weight variation over time and its relevance among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients

Objectives: We aimed to assess the variation in patient body weight over time according to the treatment outcome among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. The data of patients commencing MDR-TB therapy were analyzed. Data were collected from different public TB treatment facilities located in peri-urban areas to the south of Lima, Peru. The outcome was patient body weight (kilograms) from treatment commencement, measured monthly. A random effects model was fitted using robust standard errors to calculate 95% confidence intervals. Results: Of a total of 1242 TB cases, 243 (19.6%) were MDR-TB. Only 201 cases were included in the analysis; 127 (63.2%) were males and the mean patient age was 33.6 (standard deviation 16.2) years. Weight changes over time among the patients who were cured differed from changes in those who died during therapy (p < 0.001). Weight curve divergence was important at the end of the third, fourth, and fifth treatment months: on average, the weight difference was 2.18 kg (p < 0.001), 3.27 kg (p = 0.007), and 3.58 kg (p = 0.03), respectively, when cured patients were compared to those who died. Conclusions: Our results show that weight variation during treatment can be a useful surrogate for the treatment outcome, specifically death during therapy. MDR-TB patients with weight loss should be followed more closely, as they are at greater risk of death.
Authors: Chung Delgado, Kocfa; Revilla Montag, Alejandro; Guillén Bravo, Sonia; Bernabe Ortiz, Antonio
Source: International Journal of Infectious Diseases

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10757/326115